Question
उपनिषद शब्द का अर्थ बताते हुए प्रमुख उपनिषदों का वर्णन करें।
Answer :
Word Count : 501
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Skip in 10
उपनिषद भारतीय ज्ञान परम्परा के अत्यंत महत्वपूर्ण ग्रंथ हैं, जिनमें आध्यात्मिक ज्ञान, ब्रह्मविद्या तथा आत्मा और परमात्मा के संबंध का गहन विवेचन किया गया है। ‘उपनिषद’ शब्द संस्कृत के तीन शब्दों—‘उप’, ‘नि’ और ‘षद’ से मिलकर बना है। ‘उप’ का अर्थ है निकट, ‘नि’ का अर्थ है नीचे या श्रद्धा से, और ‘षद’ का अर्थ है बैठना या नष्ट करना। इस प्रकार उपनिषद का अर्थ है गुरु के निकट बैठकर प्राप्त किया जाने वाला ज्ञान, जो अज्ञान का नाश करता है और सत्य का बोध कराता है। उपनिषदों में मुख्यतः आत्मा, ब्रह्म, सृष्टि, जीवन का उद्देश्य तथा मोक्ष के मार्ग का दार्शनिक विश्लेषण मिलता है। ये वेदों के अंतिम भाग माने जाते हैं, इसलिए इन्हें ‘वेदांत’ भी कहा जाता है।
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