Write the role of human resource development and capacity building at various levels in disaster mitigation?
Multi hazard capacity building is required for all the stages of disaster management cycle.
Disaster: A hazardous event that causes unacceptably large impact on life, overwhelming property damage, ecological impacts and thereby causing humanâ€sufferings and socioâ€economic impacts.It may be of origin from the environmental system or processes– natural, humanâ€induced or manâ€made; technological or human failure, civil or security related challenge. Increasing human interventions in the natural environment – be directly or indirectly, has made the line between so called natural manâ€made disasters as blurred.
Response: Immediate response to disaster for saving life, property and environment, i.e. evacuation, search & rescue activities, emergency medical aid, site cleanâ€up, protection from further impacts, emergency restoration, debris removal and disposal, drainage clearance, etc.
Relief: Aimed at reducing grieves of the affected, the provision of assistance or intervention during or immediately after a disaster incidence for life preservation and basic subsistence of those people affected. It can be of an immediate, shortâ€term, or protracted duration, including shelter, water & sanitation, safe food, environmentalâ€health, waste management, psychosocial care, law & order, etc.
Recovery: Planning decisions and actions taken after a disaster for restoring or improving the preâ€disaster living conditions of the community, while reducing undue burden on ecological resources and natural systems, encouraging livelihood sustainability, health and community harmony, facilitating necessary adjustments to reduce future disaster risk.
Reconstruction: Restoration of the housing and infrastructure damaged during a disaster. Sustainable reconstruction
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