Conduct a survey in your locality and collect information on the different measures adopted at the
household level for disinfecting water. Present your answer in tabulated form.
Objective To compare the effect on prevalence of diarrhoea and mortality of household based treatment of drinking water with flocculant-disinfectant, sodium hypochlorite, and standard practices in areas with turbid water source.
Design Cluster randomised controlled trial over 20 weeks. Setting Family compounds, each containing several houses, in rural western Kenya. Participants 6650 people in 605 family compounds. Intervention Water treatment: flocculant-disinfectant, sodium hypochlorite, and usual practice (control).
Main outcome measures Prevalence of diarrhoea and all cause mortality. Escherichia coli concentration, free residual chlorine concentration, and turbidity in household drinking water as surrogates for effectiveness of water treatment.
Results In children < 2 years old, compared with those in the control compounds, the absolute difference in prevalence of diarrhoea was –25% in the flocculant-disinfectant arm (95% confidence interval –40 to –5) and –17% in the sodium hypochlorite arm (–34 to 4). In all age groups compared with
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