The history of photography is a fascinating journey of scientific discovery, artistic innovation, and technological advancement that transformed the way humans record and interpret reality. The origins of photography can be traced back to ancient times with the concept of the camera obscura, a simple optical device that projected an inverted image of the outside world onto a surface inside a dark room or box. Philosophers such as Aristotle and scientists like Alhazen studied this phenomenon, but it was not until the nineteenth century that a method to permanently capture these images was developed. In the early 1800s, Joseph Nicéphore Niépce created the first permanent photograph using a process known as heliography.