National Income (NI) is the total monetary value of all final goods and services produced within an economy during a specific period, generally one year. It serves as one of the most important indicators of a country's economic performance and development. The estimation of National Income provides valuable information to governments, businesses, researchers, economists, and international organizations for understanding the economic condition of a nation. Accurate estimation of National Income helps in policy formulation, economic planning, resource allocation, and measurement of the standard of living. Since modern economies are complex and involve numerous production and income-generating activities, systematic estimation of National Income has become an essential function of every country. The estimation of National Income is needed for several reasons. One of the primary needs is to measure the economic performance of a country. National Income indicates whether the economy is growing, stagnant, or declining. A rising National Income generally reflects increased production, higher employment, and improved economic activities, while a declining National Income may indicate recession or economic slowdown. National Income estimation is essential for economic planning and policy formulation. Governments require reliable information about production, consumption, savings, investment, and income distribution before preparing development plans and annual budgets. The estimation enables policymakers to formulate appropriate fiscal, monetary, industrial, agricultural, and trade policies that promote sustainable economic growth. Another important need is to compare the economic performance of different countries. International organizations such as the World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF), and United Nations use National Income data to classify countries into developed, developing, and least-developed categories. Such comparisons help in determining international aid, foreign investment, and economic cooperation. National Income estimation also helps in measuring the standard of living of people. Per capita income, which is obtained by dividing National Income by the total population, serves as an important indicator of average living standards. Although it does not reflect income inequality, it provides a general idea of the economic well-being of the population. The estimation of National Income is necessary for identifying the contribution of different sectors of the economy such as agriculture, industry, and services. This information enables governments to identify sectors requiring greater investment and policy support. It also helps in evaluating structural changes in the economy over time. National Income data assist in employment planning. Governments can assess the employment-generating capacity of different sectors