Question
What is the National Rural Health Mission? Describe its main provisions.
Answer :
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The National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) was launched by the Government of India in 2005 as a major initiative aimed at improving health care delivery in rural areas. The mission was conceived to address the gaps in access, infrastructure, and quality of health services for the rural population, particularly focusing on vulnerable groups such as women, children, and marginalized communities. The NRHM recognizes that rural health care in India has historically faced multiple challenges, including inadequate medical facilities, shortage of trained health professionals, poor health awareness, and high rates of maternal and infant mortality. The mission aims to strengthen the public health system, ensure the availability of essential services, and foster community participation in health care. The NRHM is a comprehensive approach that integrates several key components to improve rural health care. One of the primary provisions is the strengthening of the health care infrastructure. This involves the upgrading and expansion of primary health centers (PHCs), community health centers (CHCs), and sub-centers, ensuring that they are equipped with necessary medical supplies, diagnostic tools, and functional equipment. The mission also emphasizes the recruitment and training of skilled health personnel, including doctors, nurses, paramedics, and community health workers, to address the chronic shortage of human resources in rural areas. Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) were introduced under NRHM as community-based health workers who act as a link between the rural population and health care facilities, creating awareness about health programs and
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