Question
What is SCADA system? Describe its uses in water management.
Answer :
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A Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system is an advanced computer-based monitoring and control system used to supervise, collect, process, and analyze real-time data from remote locations. It enables operators to monitor and control industrial processes efficiently through communication networks, sensors, programmable logic controllers (PLCs), remote terminal units (RTUs), and a central control station. In water management, SCADA plays a significant role in ensuring reliable water supply, improving operational efficiency, reducing water losses, and supporting sustainable management of water resources. It is widely used in water treatment plants, distribution networks, reservoirs, pumping stations, and wastewater treatment facilities. A SCADA system consists of several key components. Field devices such as sensors measure parameters including water level, pressure, flow rate, temperature, pH, turbidity, chlorine concentration, and pump status. These sensors send data to RTUs or PLCs installed at different locations. The RTUs and PLCs process the collected information and communicate it to a central control
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