Density gradient centrifugation is a powerful bioanalytical technique used to separate and purify biomolecules, organelles, or cells based on their size, shape, and buoyant density. The principle relies on the sedimentation of particles through a medium with a gradient of increasing density, so that each component migrates until it reaches a point in the gradient where its density equals that of the surrounding medium. At this equilibrium position, the particles form distinct bands, allowing precise separation. This method is widely used in cell biology, virology, and molecular biology for isolating nuclei, mitochondria, ribosomes, viruses, and macromolecular complexes. One commonly used