Climate change refers to long-term alterations in temperature, precipitation, and other atmospheric conditions on Earth, largely driven by human activities such as burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes. These activities increase the concentration of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane in the atmosphere, trapping heat and causing global temperatures to rise. The impacts of climate change are wide-ranging and include rising sea levels, more frequent and severe extreme weather events, loss of biodiversity, disruption of ecosystems, and threats to food and water security. The phenomenon affects both natural systems and human societies, often disproportionately impacting vulnerable populations who have contributed least to the problem but face the greatest risks. From the perspective of applied ethics, climate change becomes a moral issue because it is not merely a scientific or economic problem, but one that involves questions of justice, responsibility, and ethical