Medical ethics is a branch of applied ethics that deals with the moral principles and standards guiding the practice of medicine and healthcare. It focuses on the responsibilities and conduct of medical professionals towards patients, society, and the profession itself. The purpose of medical ethics is to ensure that healthcare providers make decisions that are morally sound, respect human dignity, and promote the well-being of patients while balancing societal needs. It integrates ethical theory with practical healthcare challenges, addressing issues such as patient autonomy, confidentiality, informed consent, allocation of resources, and professional integrity. The four basic principles of medical ethics, often referred to as the “four principles approach,” were popularized by Beauchamp and Childress and serve as foundational guidelines for ethical decision-making in healthcare. These principles are autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice. Each principle provides a distinct perspective on how healthcare professionals should act and make decisions, and together they offer a framework to resolve complex moral dilemmas in medicine. Autonomy refers to respecting the patient’s right to make informed decisions about their own healthcare. It emphasizes the importance of patient self-determination, acknowledging that competent individuals have the