Vocabulary is one of the most important components of learning English at the secondary school level. A rich vocabulary enables students to understand spoken and written texts, express ideas effectively, and communicate confidently. However, many students face several difficulties while learning English vocabulary due to linguistic, psychological, social, and educational factors. One major difficulty is the influence of the mother tongue. Students often try to translate English words directly into their native language, which leads to misunderstanding because many English words have multiple meanings depending on the context. Idioms, phrasal verbs, and expressions cannot always be translated literally, making vocabulary learning more challenging. Another difficulty is incorrect pronunciation and spelling. English has many words with irregular spelling patterns and silent letters. Students become confused when the pronunciation differs significantly from the written form. Words such as "though," "through," and "tough" illustrate this problem. Incorrect pronunciation may also prevent students from recognizing familiar words while listening. Students also struggle with remembering and retaining new words. Vocabulary learned through rote memorization is often forgotten quickly because learners fail to use the words in meaningful contexts. Without regular practice, revision, and application, newly acquired words disappear from long-term memory. Limited exposure to English is another significant challenge. Many students hear and use English only in the classroom. Lack of opportunities to read books, newspapers, magazines, or digital