Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) study is a systematic and structured technique used to identify potential hazards, operational problems, and deviations from the intended design of a process or system. It is widely used in chemical industries, oil and gas plants, power plants, pharmaceutical industries, and other high-risk facilities. The main objective of HAZOP is to identify problems before they lead to accidents, equipment damage, environmental pollution, or loss of production. The first step is to define the scope and objectives of the study. The boundaries of the system, plant, process, or operation to be examined are clearly established. The study team determines which units, processes, equipment, and operating conditions will be included. Relevant design information, safety objectives, and risk criteria are also identified. The second step is to collect and review the required information. Important documents include process flow diagrams (PFDs), piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&IDs), equipment specifications, operating procedures, process descriptions, material safety data sheets, control-system information, and previous incident records. Accurate and updated information is essential for an effective HAZOP study. The third step is to form a multidisciplinary HAZOP team. The team normally includes a HAZOP leader or facilitator, process engineers, chemical or mechanical engineers, operators, instrumentation and control specialists, maintenance personnel, and safety professionals. A multidisciplinary team is important because