IGNOU MGY 3 2015 - What are the basic operations in raster analysis? Support your answers

Question

What are the basic operations in raster analysis? Support your answers with suitable examples.

14 Jun 2017

Answer :

Word Count : 662

Raster analysis is a fundamental part of geographic information systems (GIS) that works with raster data structures. Raster data consists of grid cells, where each cell holds a specific value representing geographical features like elevation, temperature, or land use. Raster analysis involves several operations that manipulate this data to derive meaningful spatial information. The basic operations in raster analysis can be classified into five major types: local operations, focal operations, zonal operations, global operations, and surface operations.

1. Local Operations:
Local operations work on individual raster cells without considering neighboring cells. In this operation, a value is assigned to each cell in the output raster based on the corresponding value from the input raster. Local operations are primarily used for cell-wise computations. Common examples include mathematical operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

For instance, in a land cover classification scenario, local operations can be used to calculate the difference in elevation between two digital elevation model (DEM) rasters. If one raster represents the current elevation and the other represents the

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