Question
Using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, explain how buffers maintain physiological pH in biological systems.
Answer :
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Buffers play a crucial role in maintaining physiological pH in biological systems, where even slight changes in hydrogen ion concentration can disrupt cellular functions. The Henderson–Hasselbalch equation provides a quantitative relationship between pH, the acid dissociation constant (pKa), and the ratio of conjugate base to weak acid in a buffer system. The equation is expressed as: pH = pKa + log
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