Question

To change file permissions so that the owner has read, write, and execute permissions, the group has read and execute permissions, and others have only read permission.

16 Feb 2026
Answer :
Word Count : 537
A shell script in Linux or UNIX-like operating systems is a program written using shell commands to automate tasks. In a Windows and Linux lab environment, shell scripting is commonly used in Linux systems to manage files, directories, and permissions. One practical task is to create a script that reads a directory name from the user and lists all files for which the user has read permission. This is useful in system administration, security checks, and file auditing because permissions control access to sensitive data. In Linux, every file and directory has permission settings divided into three categories: user (owner), group, and others. Each category has three types of permissions: read (r), write (w), and execute (x). The read permission allows a user to view the contents of a file. When a shell script checks for read permission, it verifies whether the current logged-in user is allowed to read the file based on these permission settings. The shell provides built-in test operators to check file permissions. The `-r` operator is specifically used to check if a file is readable by the current user. If the condition is true, the script can perform operations such as listing or displaying the file. To complete the task, the script must first accept a directory name as input, verify
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