Cyber Security is a phrase that is used by many people and with many meanings, but it is worth noting that there is no standard, universally accepted, definition of this phrase. It covers all aspects of ensuring the protection of it critical infrastructures, and it further includes the notion of Resilience, which is the ability to protect and repel and recover from cyberattacks. Common phrases like define “Computer security, also known as cybersecurity or it security, is the protection of information systems from theft or damage to the hardware, the software, and to the information on them, as well as from disruption or misdirection of the services they provide. It includes controlling physical access to the hardware, as well as protecting against harm that may come via network access, data and code injection, and due to malpractice by operators, whether intentional, accidental, or due to them being tricked into deviating from secure procedures.”

Cyber security standards are therefore security standards which enable organizations to practice safe security techniques to minimize the number of successful cyber security impacts. Cyber security refers to the technologies and process each designed to protect computers, networks and data from unauthorized access, vulnerabilities and attacks delivered via the Internet. A well-known aphorism in this arena is “The only system which is truly secure is one which is switched off an unplugged”

The Office of Cyber Policy in the US Secretary of Defense confirms the need for the US Federal Bureau of Investigations, the Department of Homeland Security and the Department of Defense to coordinate with public, private and international partners in cyber security efforts. Although some workshops have occurred on a comprehensive approach to cyber security and others on cyber deterrence, there is little empirical work on the intersecting issues. The questions and points in this paper offer a start point to analyze the viability of offensive concepts, defensive measures and cooperative mechanisms. Further research is necessary to determine exactly how a comprehensive approach can achieve complementary strategies for deterrence of cyber aggression. Here, we propose a specific graph-theoretic approach which can also be used for energy and transportation networks.

Password security and maintenance within all public safety systems is often the first, and last, step in preventing outside attackers access to the PSAP. The well documented corporate hacks of large retailers like