Question

 The Hamiltonian for the non-relativistic, non-interacting, monoatomic ideal gas is given by

 

equation

where m is the mass of the particle and U(qi) is the potential energy. Obtain an expression of the phase space volume of the energy shell and hence obtain an expression of number of microstates.

19 Jan 2026
Answer :
Word Count : 262
The Hamiltonian of a non-relativistic, non-interacting, monoatomic ideal gas is [ H(q,p) = \sum_{i=1}^{3N} \frac{p_i^2}{2m} + U(q_i), ] where (p_i) are the momenta, (q_i) are the positions, and (U(q_i)) is the potential energy. The phase space volume corresponding to energies less than or equal to (E) is defined as [ \Omega(E) = \frac{1}{h^{3N}} \int \cdots \int \mathrm{d}^{3N}q , \mathrm{d}^{3N}p ; \Theta(E - H(q,p)), ] where (\Theta) is the
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