Reaction of primary amine, in presence of an acid, with carbonyl compound
gives an imine. The rate of reaction increases by an increase in acidity but
beyond a certain limit, the rate decreases with further increase of acidity.

Write the mechanism of Paterno-Buechi reaction.

Write the full reaction and mark the nucleophile and electrophile in each case.

i) Reaction between potassium cyanide and 1-chloropropane

ii) Reaction between hydrogen bromide and cis 2-butene

iii) Reaction between sodium methoxide and benzyl bromide

iv) Acid catalysed reaction of water with cyclopentene

v) Reaction between ethanal and hydrogen cyanide

How are following conversions carried out?
i) 6-hydroxy-6-Methyl- 2-heptanone from 5-bromo-2-propanone using Grignard
reagent
ii) Cyclopentyl methyl ketone from acetoacetic ester
iii) Barbituric acid from molonic ester
iv) Propanol from ethylene oxide
v) Butane from chloromethane

Complete following reactions:

In Wittig reaction, the methyl, primary and secondary alkyl halide can be used to
prepare Wittig reagent (ylide) but not tertiary alkyl halide.

Electron withdrawing substituents at carbonyl carbon increase its
reactivity towards nucleophilic addition reactions.