Enlist important major and minor constituents of food and explain their importance.
The major food components of food systems are carbohydrates, fats, proteins and water. There are also minor food components, organic acids, pigments, aroma compounds, vitamins and minerals.
Carbohydrates: Carbohydrates are compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen and are generally classified according to their structure and digestibility. Carbohydrates provide energy for the body’s activities and are obtained from grains, cereals, bread, rice, pasta, fruits, vegetables, pulses, dairy products and sugars. Fibre also forms part of the carbohydrate group.
Fats: Fats are part of a group of compounds known as lipids. They are also composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen and their main roles include providing the body with insulation (helping to maintain a constant temperature), participating in the production of hormones and absorption of vitamins, and as an important source of energy for the body. The main dietary sources of fat include meat, fish, dairy products, oils and fats used for cooking (butter, margarine, ghee).
Protein:
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