IGNOU MZOE 005 2026 - Name the three processes of dealkylation in microsomal metabolism of p

Question

Name the three processes of dealkylation in microsomal metabolism of pesticides. Explain each with the help of examples.

31 Jan 2026

Answer :

Word Count : 435

The three main processes of dealkylation in the microsomal metabolism of pesticides are O-dealkylation, N-dealkylation, and S-dealkylation. These processes occur primarily in the microsomal fraction of insect cells, involving enzymes such as cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. Dealkylation refers to the removal of alkyl groups (such as methyl, ethyl) from heteroatoms like oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur within the pesticide molecule. These reactions play a critical role in detoxifying pesticides, modifying their chemical structure to reduce toxicity or facilitate excretion. O-dealkylation involves the removal of an alkyl group attached to an oxygen atom. This process typically converts an ether or ester functional group into a hydroxyl group and a corresponding aldehyde or alcohol. For example, in the metabolism of organophosphate pesticides like parathion, O-dealkylation converts

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