Immigration in political theory is understood as a complex and contested issue that raises questions about state sovereignty, individual rights, global justice, and the moral limits of political boundaries. States traditionally claim the authority to control entry into their territories as an essential attribute of sovereignty, arguing that regulating immigration is necessary for maintaining political order, social stability, and economic balance. However, this claim is increasingly challenged by normative theories that emphasize universal human rights and moral obligations that transcend borders. Liberals argue that individuals possess fundamental rights that should not be restricted by arbitrary boundaries, framing immigration as a matter of personal freedom and equal opportunity.