Women are routinely underpaid compared to men in several sectors despite performing the same or similar work, with the most visible and persistent disparity occurring in the informal and unorganised sectors. These include agriculture, construction, domestic work, garment manufacturing, home-based industries, and certain segments of the service sector such as hospitality and care work. In agriculture, women often perform labour-intensive tasks like sowing, transplanting, weeding, and harvesting, yet receive lower wages than men who may perform mechanised or supervisory roles. In construction, women are frequently classified as unskilled labourers regardless of experience, while men are designated as skilled workers, resulting in wage differentials. Domestic work and care services, largely feminised sectors, are undervalued and poorly regulated, leading to low and unequal wages. Even in organised sectors such as education, healthcare, corporate services, and information technology, gender pay gaps persist due to discriminatory hiring practices, glass ceiling effects, occupational segregation, and lack of transparency in wage structures. To address wage discrimination, Indian law provides several legal protections aimed at ensuring equality and safeguarding women’s rights. The principle of equal pay for equal work is enshrined in Article 39(d)