How has the application of scientific knowledge improved agriculture in the Arid zones, Dry lands and Hilly regions of our country?
Science and arid lands From 1950 to 1960, UNESCO took the lead in a world-wide programme of arid-zone studies. The object of this programme was “to promote and stimulate research in various scientific disciplines which have a bearing upon problems of arid regions. The ultimate aim is to improve the living conditions of mankind and in particular the people living in desert and semi-desert regions”. In other words, the programme aimed at promoting scientific enquiry and at applying scientific knowledge for the benefit of man.
This programme, and the world-wide interest it created, produced some volumes of Arid Zone Research covering hydrology, plant ecology, energy resources, human and animal ecology, climatology and micro climatology, etc. About 200 desert research units in some 40 countries were established. An international programme on biological studies (IBP) led by the International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU) from 1964 to 1974 contributed to studies of desert
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