Globalisation refers to the increasing integration of countries through the movement of goods, services, capital, technology, information and people across national boundaries. In India, globalisation became a major economic process after the introduction of economic reforms in 1991. These reforms included liberalisation, privatisation and greater openness to international trade and investment. Globalisation has significantly transformed the Indian economy, creating both opportunities and challenges. One of the major effects of globalisation has been the expansion of international trade. India reduced import restrictions, lowered tariffs and encouraged exports. Indian products such as textiles, pharmaceuticals, gems and jewellery, engineering goods and agricultural commodities gained access to international markets. At the same time, Indian consumers obtained access to a wider range of foreign goods and services. Globalisation has also encouraged foreign direct investment (FDI). Multinational companies have invested in sectors such as automobiles, telecommunications, information technology, retail, banking and manufacturing. These investments have brought capital, advanced technology, modern management practices and new production techniques. Foreign companies have also contributed to the development of infrastructure and supply chains.