Question
Give an account of water and heat stress for plant growth.
Answer :
Word Count : 448
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Water and heat stress are two major abiotic factors that significantly affect plant growth and development by altering physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes. Water stress, often caused by drought or limited water availability, leads to a decrease in cellular turgor pressure, which in turn reduces cell expansion and overall plant growth. At the biochemical level, water deficit disrupts photosynthesis by limiting CO₂ uptake due to stomatal closure, thereby reducing carbon assimilation. This leads to an imbalance between light capture and energy utilization, which can result in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide radicals, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals. Excess ROS cause oxidative damage to lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, compromising membrane integrity and enzyme activity. To counteract
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