The concept of the human person occupies a central place in both Indian and Western philosophical traditions, yet the two perspectives differ significantly in their understanding of human nature, identity, purpose, freedom, and ultimate reality. These traditions have evolved through different historical, cultural, and religious contexts, leading to distinct philosophical assumptions regarding the relationship between the individual, society, nature, and the divine. While Indian philosophy generally emphasizes spiritual realization and the unity of existence, Western philosophy has often focused on individuality, rationality, autonomy, and material existence. Despite these differences, both traditions have contributed profoundly to the understanding of the human person. In Indian philosophy, the human person is primarily understood as a spiritual being whose essential nature transcends the physical body and the mind. The body is regarded as temporary and subject to birth, growth, decay, and death, whereas the true self or Atman is considered eternal, unchanging, and immortal. This understanding is particularly prominent in the Upanishads, where the famous declaration "Tat Tvam Asi" (That Thou Art) identifies the individual self with Brahman, the ultimate reality. The realization of this identity is regarded as the highest goal of human life. The doctrine of karma and rebirth forms another important feature of the Indian understanding of the human person. Every action performed by an individual produces consequences that influence future experiences, including future births. The present condition of a person is viewed as the result of past actions, while current actions determine future destiny. Thus, the human person is morally responsible for shaping his or her own spiritual journey. Liberation or Moksha is achieved by overcoming ignorance, attachment, and the cycle of birth and death. Different schools within Indian philosophy offer varying interpretations of the human person. Advaita Vedanta, propounded by Adi Shankaracharya, considers the individual self and Brahman to be ultimately identical. The apparent distinction between them arises due to ignorance or Maya. Liberation occurs through self-knowledge that removes this ignorance. The Dvaita philosophy of Madhvacharya rejects the complete identity between the individual soul and God. It maintains that the soul remains eternally distinct from the Supreme Being. Salvation is attained through devotion and divine grace rather than through realization of absolute identity. Samkhya philosophy presents a dualistic view by distinguishing between Purusha (pure consciousness) and Prakriti (matter). Human suffering results from the false identification of consciousness with material nature. Liberation is attained when this distinction is clearly understood. Yoga philosophy complements Samkhya by prescribing practical methods such as ethical discipline, meditation, concentration, and self-control for realizing the true nature of the self. The human person is viewed as capable of attaining spiritual perfection through disciplined practice. Buddhist philosophy presents a radically different conception by rejecting the existence of a permanent soul. According to the doctrine of Anatta (non-self), what is called a person is merely a temporary combination of five aggregates: form, sensation, perception, mental formations, and consciousness. Since there is no permanent self, attachment to the idea of "I" becomes the root cause of suffering. Liberation is attained through wisdom, ethical conduct, and meditation that eliminate ignorance and craving. Jain philosophy recognizes the existence of innumerable individual souls or Jivas, each possessing infinite knowledge, bliss, and energy in its pure state. However, karmic particles bind the soul and obstruct its true nature. Through right faith, right knowledge, and right conduct, the soul can free itself from karmic bondage and attain liberation. A common feature across most Indian philosophical systems is the emphasis on self-realization, moral discipline, spiritual development, and liberation from suffering. The human person is not merely a biological organism but a spiritual entity whose highest purpose is to transcend worldly limitations. Western philosophy presents a