Experimental research in social work is a systematic and scientific approach used to establish cause-and-effect relationships between variables, particularly in testing interventions, programs, or policies aimed at improving social conditions. The process follows a sequence of well-defined steps to ensure validity, reliability, and ethical soundness. The first step involves identifying and defining the research problem. In social work, this typically arises from practical issues such as ineffective interventions, unmet community needs, or gaps in service delivery. The researcher must clearly articulate the problem in precise terms, ensuring that it is researchable and significant for practice or policy. A well-defined problem sets the direction for the entire study and helps in focusing on specific variables that can be measured and manipulated. The next step is a thorough review of literature. This involves examining existing studies, theories, and empirical findings related to the problem. The purpose is to understand what has already been studied, identify gaps, and build a theoretical framework. In social work research, this step is crucial because interventions often build upon prior knowledge and evidence-based practices. It also helps in refining the research question and avoiding duplication. Formulation of hypothesis follows the literature review. A hypothesis is a tentative statement predicting the relationship between independent and dependent variables. In experimental research, the hypothesis is usually causal, suggesting that a particular intervention (independent variable) will produce a specific outcome (dependent variable). For example, a researcher may hypothesize that a counseling program will reduce anxiety levels among adolescents. The hypothesis must be clear, testable, and measurable. The next step is the identification and operationalization of variables. The independent variable is the factor that the researcher manipulates, while the dependent variable is the outcome being measured. In social work, variables may include interventions,