Question
Explain the step-by-step method of manufacturing Sweetened Condensed Milk (SCM), highlighting the purpose of each stage in the process.
Answer :
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Sweetened Condensed Milk (SCM) is a concentrated dairy product prepared by removing a large portion of water from milk and adding sugar to increase its shelf life and stability. The manufacturing process involves several carefully controlled steps, each designed to ensure quality, safety, and preservation of the final product. The first step in the manufacture of sweetened condensed milk is the selection and standardization of raw milk. Fresh, clean milk of good quality is selected and tested for acidity, fat content, microbial load, and overall purity. Standardization is carried out to adjust the fat and solids-not-fat content to the desired level so that the final product meets the required composition standards. This stage ensures uniformity and consistency in the finished product. The second stage is filtration and clarification. The raw milk is passed through filters or clarifiers to remove dirt, dust, hair, and other foreign particles that may have entered during milking or handling. This step improves the cleanliness and quality of the milk and prepares it for further processing. The next step is pasteurization. The standardized milk is heated at a high temperature, usually around 85–90°C for a
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