Migration, gender, and development are closely interconnected processes that shape the economic and social lives of individuals, households, and communities. Migration refers to the movement of people from one place to another for employment, education, marriage, security, or better living conditions. Gender influences who migrates, why people migrate, the opportunities available to migrants, the risks they face, and the benefits they receive. Development, in turn, affects migration by creating or limiting employment opportunities, improving infrastructure, changing social relations, and transforming aspirations. Therefore, migration cannot be understood as a gender-neutral process; its causes, experiences, and outcomes differ significantly for women and men. Historically, migration research often treated the household or the individual migrant as gender-neutral. Men were commonly viewed as economic migrants who moved in search of employment, while women were considered dependants who accompanied male migrants. This approach overlooked the large number of women who migrate independently and the important economic contributions they make through paid and unpaid work. The feminisation of migration has become an important feature of contemporary migration patterns. Women increasingly migrate domestically and internationally as workers in agriculture, manufacturing, domestic service, care work, nursing, hospitality, education, and other sectors. Gender influences the decision to migrate. Economic inequality, lack of employment, poverty, limited access to land and productive resources, and unequal wages can encourage women to migrate. At the same time, women may migrate because of marriage, family responsibilities, education, conflict, displacement, or the search for greater personal autonomy. In some societies, restrictive gender norms limit women's mobility, while in others migration itself becomes a strategy through which women negotiate traditional expectations. For men, migration is frequently associated with the social expectation of being a breadwinner. Thus, gender norms influence both the motivation and the form of migration. The relationship between migration and development can be seen at the household level. Migrants often send remittances to families in their places of origin. These remittances can increase household income and support expenditure on food, education, healthcare, housing, and other basic needs. Women's remittances can be particularly important because women migrants frequently maintain strong financial links with their families. Female migrants may allocate a significant part of their earnings to children's education, healthcare, and household welfare. In this way, migration can contribute to human development and poverty reduction. Women's migration can also transform gender relations within households. When women become earners, their contribution to household income may increase their bargaining power and decision-making authority. Migration can provide women with greater control over income, opportunities to develop skills, and exposure to new social environments. It may challenge traditional assumptions that men should be the primary economic providers. Women who migrate independently can acquire greater confidence, financial independence, and knowledge about their rights. These changes may contribute to more equitable gender relations. However, migration does not automatically produce empowerment. The benefits of migration depend heavily on the conditions under which women migrate and work. Women migrants are disproportionately represented in informal, low-paid, insecure, and poorly regulated occupations. Domestic workers, care workers, agricultural labourers, garment workers, and service-sector employees may experience long working hours, low wages, lack of social protection, and limited bargaining power. Migrant women may also face discrimination based on gender, class, nationality, ethnicity, caste, or legal status. International migration demonstrates these inequalities particularly clearly. The global demand for domestic and care workers has created significant employment opportunities for women from developing countries. Women migrate to work as domestic helpers, nurses, caregivers, and other service providers. Their labour contributes to the economies of destination countries and supports households that depend upon