Green building has emerged as one of the most significant approaches to address the dual challenges of climate change mitigation and adaptation. The construction sector contributes a substantial share of global greenhouse gas emissions, primarily through energy consumption, resource extraction, and waste generation. At the same time, buildings are directly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change such as rising temperatures, heat waves, flooding, and extreme weather events. In this context, the importance of green building lies in its ability to create sustainable structures that reduce environmental footprints while enhancing resilience against climate impacts. The concept emphasizes the integration of energy efficiency, renewable energy, water conservation, material recycling, and occupant well-being, making it a central strategy for reducing emissions and preparing human settlements for a changing climate. The importance of green building begins with its contribution to mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions. Buildings account for nearly 40 percent of global energy use and carbon dioxide emissions, largely due to heating, cooling, lighting, and the use of carbon-intensive construction materials. Green buildings reduce energy demand through passive design techniques such as natural ventilation, insulation, and daylighting. These features minimize dependence on fossil fuel-based electricity and lower overall emissions. Moreover, the integration of renewable energy technologies like solar panels and wind turbines into buildings allows them to operate with clean energy sources, further advancing climate mitigation goals. The emphasis on energy-efficient appliances, low-emission materials, and advanced heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems ensures that every stage of the building’s life cycle contributes to emission reduction. Equally important is the role of green buildings in climate change adaptation. Rising global temperatures are projected to increase the frequency and intensity of heat waves, making indoor thermal comfort a public health necessity. Green buildings incorporate adaptive measures such as reflective roofing, green roofs, and shading devices, which reduce indoor heat stress and enhance cooling without excessive reliance on air conditioning. Additionally, in areas vulnerable to flooding and sea level rise, green buildings are designed with elevated foundations, permeable surfaces, and effective drainage systems that protect both infrastructure and residents. These