Green buildings are an essential component of strategies aimed at mitigating and adapting to climate change. They are designed, constructed, and operated in a way that reduces negative impacts on the environment and human health, while enhancing the efficient use of resources. The importance of green buildings lies in their capacity to address the urgent challenges of environmental degradation, energy scarcity, and climate vulnerability. Their characteristics are rooted in principles of sustainability, efficiency, and resilience, making them a critical element in the broader framework of climate action. The importance of green buildings can be understood from multiple dimensions—environmental, economic, social, and policy-oriented. One of the foremost contributions of green buildings is their potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The building sector is responsible for a significant share of global energy consumption and carbon emissions. According to estimates by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), buildings account for approximately 40% of global energy-related carbon emissions. Green buildings help in mitigating this by incorporating energy-efficient technologies, materials, and designs. This includes the use of renewable energy sources such as solar panels, energy-efficient lighting and appliances, advanced insulation, and smart systems for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC). Another key area of importance is resource conservation. Green buildings are designed to minimize the use of water, electricity, and construction materials. They incorporate water-saving fixtures, rainwater harvesting systems, and wastewater treatment and recycling facilities. This is especially significant in urban areas facing water stress due to climate change-induced variability in rainfall patterns. Moreover, the use of sustainable building materials—such as recycled steel, bamboo, reclaimed wood, and low-VOC (volatile organic compound) paints—helps reduce the environmental footprint of construction activities. Green buildings are also essential for climate adaptation. They are often designed to be resilient to climate-related risks such as extreme heat, floods, and storms. Through passive solar design, natural ventilation, and green roofs, these buildings can maintain indoor thermal comfort even during extreme weather events, reducing the reliance on energy-intensive cooling systems. Moreover, green infrastructure such as permeable pavements and vegetated swales integrated into building design helps in managing stormwater runoff, thereby reducing the risk of urban flooding—a growing concern due to erratic monsoon patterns and rising sea levels. From an economic standpoint, green buildings offer long-term cost savings despite higher initial investments. The use of energy-efficient appliances and natural lighting reduces operational costs over the life cycle of the building. Moreover, green buildings tend to have higher market value and occupancy rates, as environmentally conscious consumers and