The embryonic development of the cardiovascular system in chordates is a complex and highly regulated process that ensures the formation of a functional circulatory system necessary for nutrient, gas, and waste exchange. In chordates, the cardiovascular system primarily arises from the mesoderm, specifically the lateral plate mesoderm, which differentiates into the splanchnic and somatic layers. The splanchnic mesoderm gives rise to the heart and the major blood vessels, while the somatic mesoderm contributes to the formation of the vasculature associated with body walls. The earliest stage of cardiovascular development begins with the formation of blood islands in the yolk sac. These are clusters of mesodermal cells that differentiate into hemangioblasts, the common progenitor cells for both blood cells and endothelial cells. Hemangioblasts then differentiate into angioblasts, which form the primitive endothelial tubes that will later become blood vessels, and hematopoietic cells, which give rise