Environmental degradation refers to the deterioration of the natural environment due to the depletion of resources such as air, water, and soil, the destruction of ecosystems, and the extinction of wildlife. It is largely driven by human activities that disrupt the balance of nature, leading to serious consequences for both the environment and human health. Understanding its causes and the ways in which it affects human health is essential for promoting sustainable development and ensuring a healthier future. One of the primary causes of environmental degradation is rapid industrialization. Industries release large amounts of pollutants into the air, water, and soil. The emission of harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides contributes to air pollution, which not only degrades the environment but also affects climate patterns. Industrial waste is often discharged into rivers and oceans without proper treatment, contaminating water bodies and harming aquatic life. Soil contamination also occurs due to the dumping of hazardous chemicals, making land less fertile and unsafe for agriculture. Deforestation is another major factor contributing to environmental degradation. Forests play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance by absorbing carbon dioxide, releasing oxygen, and supporting biodiversity. However, large-scale clearing of forests for agriculture, urban expansion, and infrastructure development leads to loss of biodiversity, soil erosion, and disruption of the water cycle. The absence of trees reduces the land’s ability to retain water, leading to increased flooding and desertification. Urbanization and population growth further intensify environmental degradation. As the population increases, the demand for land, food, water, and energy also rises. This results in the expansion of cities, often at the expense of natural habitats. Urban areas generate large amounts of waste, including solid waste, sewage, and industrial effluents. Inadequate waste management systems lead to the accumulation of garbage, which pollutes land and water and creates breeding grounds for disease-causing organisms. Agricultural practices also contribute significantly to environmental degradation. The excessive use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides contaminates soil and water. These chemicals can seep into groundwater, making it unsafe for drinking. Overgrazing and improper irrigation techniques lead to soil degradation and salinization, reducing agricultural productivity and further straining natural resources. Another important cause is climate change, which is closely linked to