Question
Explain in detail about endocytic pathways of antigen processing and presentation.
Answer :
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Skip in 10
Antigen processing through endocytic pathways is a fundamental mechanism by which exogenous antigens are captured, degraded, and presented to T lymphocytes, primarily via major histocompatibility complex class II molecules. This pathway operates mainly in professional antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells, macrophages, and B lymphocytes, enabling effective activation of CD4⁺ T helper cells. Antigens are initially internalized from the extracellular environment through various forms of endocytosis, including phagocytosis of particulate antigens, receptor-mediated endocytosis, and pinocytosis of soluble antigens. Once internalized, antigens are enclosed within endosomes that undergo progressive
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