Question
Explain how abnormal lipid metabolism leads to obesity and cardiovascular diseases.
Answer :
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Lipid metabolism involves the digestion, absorption, transport, synthesis, and degradation of lipids to meet the body’s energy and structural needs. Abnormalities in these processes can lead to excessive lipid accumulation, contributing significantly to obesity and cardiovascular diseases. When energy intake chronically exceeds energy expenditure, excess fatty acids are converted into triglycerides and stored in adipose tissue. Dysregulation of enzymes such as lipoprotein lipase and hormone-sensitive lipase alters normal fat storage and mobilization, promoting hypertrophy and hyperplasia of adipocytes, which is a biochemical basis of obesity. In obesity, increased adipose tissue releases excess free fatty
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