Marxian and Weberian ideologies represent two of the most influential perspectives in sociology for understanding society, power, inequality, and social change. Although both Karl Marx and Max Weber were concerned with the organization of society and the causes of inequality, they differed significantly in their assumptions, methods, and explanations. Their ideas have shaped modern sociological thought and continue to influence research on class, authority, economy, and culture. Karl Marx viewed society primarily through the lens of economic relationships. According to Marx, the economic structure or mode of production forms the foundation of society. The ownership and control of the means of production determine the class structure and influence politics, law, education, religion, and other social institutions. He argued that history is driven by class struggle between those who own productive resources, known as the bourgeoisie, and those who sell their labor, known as the proletariat. Marx believed that capitalism is