Development is a multidimensional process involving economic growth, social transformation, political modernization, institutional strengthening, environmental sustainability, and improvement in the quality of human life. It goes beyond the mere increase in national income and encompasses expansion of people's capabilities, access to opportunities, equity, justice, and freedom. In the context of governance, development is closely linked with the capacity of the state to formulate and implement policies that promote inclusive growth, ensure public welfare, and protect the rights of citizens. The concept of development has evolved significantly over time. Earlier, development was primarily measured in terms of economic indicators such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP), industrialization, and capital accumulation. However, experience showed that high economic growth did not necessarily reduce poverty, inequality, unemployment, or social exclusion. Consequently, development came to be understood as a broader process involving human development, social justice, environmental protection, and democratic governance. Modernization Theory, associated with scholars like Walt W. Rostow, Daniel Lerner, and Talcott Parsons, argues that societies progress through sequential stages from traditional to modern economies. Rostow's "Stages of Economic Growth" suggests that countries move from traditional society to the stage of high mass consumption through industrialization, technological advancement, and investment. This theory emphasizes modernization of institutions, education, urbanization, and market-oriented reforms. Critics argue that it assumes a single path to development based on Western experience and ignores historical and structural inequalities. Dependency Theory emerged