Question
Enumerate the Principles of health care services.
Answer :
Word Count : 1473
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Skip in 10
Health care services are organized activities provided to individuals, families and communities to promote health, prevent illness, provide treatment, restore health and improve quality of life. In Nursing Foundation, health care services are based on certain principles that guide nurses and other health professionals in providing safe, effective, accessible and patient-centred care. These principles ensure that health services are provided according to the needs of people rather than only according to the availability of facilities. 1. Accessibility: Health care services should be easily accessible to all people irrespective of geographical location, socioeconomic status, gender, age, religion or other differences. Health facilities should be available within reasonable distance and should be physically accessible to persons with disabilities. Rural and remote populations should also receive adequate health services. 2. Availability: Adequate health services, personnel, medicines, equipment and other resources should be available whenever required. Hospitals, health centres, nursing services, emergency services and preventive programmes should have sufficient facilities to meet the health needs of the population. 3. Affordability: Health care should be economically affordable. The cost of treatment should not become a barrier to receiving necessary care. Services should be designed so that poor and economically disadvantaged individuals can also obtain appropriate treatment and preventive services. 4. Equity: Health services should be distributed fairly according to the health needs of different individuals and communities. Equity does not necessarily mean providing exactly the same service to everyone; rather, it means providing appropriate resources and care according to individual and community needs. Vulnerable groups should receive special attention when necessary. 5. Comprehensiveness: Health care should address the complete health needs of a person. It should include promotive, preventive, curative, rehabilitative and palliative aspects of care. Nurses should consider the patient's physical, psychological, social, emotional and spiritual needs instead of concentrating only on the disease. 6. Continuity of care: Health care should be continuous from the beginning of illness through treatment, recovery, rehabilitation and follow-up. Proper communication and referral between different levels of health facilities are essential. Nurses play an important role in maintaining continuity through accurate documentation, discharge planning, health education and follow-up. 7. Quality of care: Health services should meet established standards of safety, effectiveness and efficiency. Care should be based on appropriate scientific knowledge and professional standards. Nurses must follow correct procedures, maintain hygiene, administer medicines safely, monitor patients carefully and prevent complications. 8. Patient-centred care: The individual receiving care should remain at the centre of the health care process. The patient's needs, preferences, values, beliefs and choices should be respected. Nurses should involve patients in decisions regarding their care whenever possible and provide information in a clear and understandable manner. 9. Respect for human dignity: Every person should be treated with dignity, courtesy and respect. The nurse should avoid discrimination, humiliation and unnecessary exposure of the patient. Privacy should be maintained during
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