IGNOU MCSL 222 2026 2027 - Draw a Class Diagram for a distributed, multi-tiered Online Exam

Question

Draw a Class Diagram for a distributed, multi-tiered Online Examination System capturing rolebased administrative boundaries and runtime assessment constraints.

30 Jul 2026

Answer :

Word Count : 589

A distributed, multi-tiered Online Examination System consists of presentation, application, and database layers, where different users interact through well-defined role-based permissions. The class diagram models the structural relationships among system entities while enforcing administrative boundaries and runtime assessment constraints. The major actors include System Administrator, Institution Administrator, Faculty (Examiner), Student, Proctor, and Evaluation Service, each with specific responsibilities. At the highest level, an abstract class User contains common attributes such as *userId, name, email, password, status,* and operations including *login(), logout(), and updateProfile()*. The classes SystemAdministrator, InstitutionAdministrator, Faculty, Student, and Proctor inherit from the User class through generalization. The SystemAdministrator class manages institutions, users, and system configurations using operations such as *createInstitution(), assignAdmin(), configureSystem(),* and *monitorSystem()*. The InstitutionAdministrator manages departments, faculty members, students, and examinations within a particular institution. This administrative boundary ensures that administrators cannot modify resources belonging to other institutions. The Faculty class creates examinations through methods such as *createExam(), addQuestion(), publishExam(),* and *evaluateResult()*. A Faculty member has a one-to-many association with the Exam class, indicating that one faculty member can create multiple examinations. The Exam class contains attributes including *examId, title, duration, totalMarks, startTime, endTime, passingMarks,* and *status*. It is associated with the Question class using composition because questions exist only as part of an examination. The multiplicity is represented as one Exam containing one or more Questions. The Question class stores *questionId, questionText, marks, difficultyLevel,* and

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