Question

Dispersion of electromagnetic waves in a medium.

19 Jan 2026
Answer :
Word Count : 273
Dispersion of electromagnetic waves in a medium refers to the phenomenon where the phase velocity of the waves depends on their frequency. When an electromagnetic wave travels through a material medium, the electric and magnetic fields interact with the charges in the medium, causing the wave to propagate at different speeds for different frequencies. This frequency dependence leads to the spreading of a wave packet over time, which is a hallmark of dispersion. Mathematically, dispersion is described by the relation between the angular frequency ( \omega ) and the wave vector ( k ) of the
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