Performance appraisal is a systematic process of evaluating the performance, abilities, skills, and contributions of employees in an organisation. In e-commerce organisations, performance appraisal is particularly important because employees work in highly dynamic and technology-driven environments where customer satisfaction, delivery speed, digital skills, sales performance, and operational efficiency are critical. Different methods are used to assess employee performance according to the nature of the job and organisational objectives. The traditional methods of performance appraisal include the ranking method, paired comparison method, grading method, and graphic rating scale. In the ranking method, employees are ranked from the best to the least effective according to their overall performance. In an e-commerce company, employees in customer support or sales may be ranked on the basis of customer ratings, sales achievements, or productivity. The paired comparison method compares each employee with every other employee to identify the better performer. The grading method places employees into categories such as outstanding, very good, satisfactory, or poor. The graphic rating scale evaluates employees against predetermined factors such as quality of work, quantity of work, punctuality, communication, initiative, and teamwork. The checklist method is another commonly used technique. Managers prepare a list of statements describing desirable employee behaviours and mark whether each statement applies to the employee.