IGNOU BAQ 3 2026 - Discuss the key physical and chemical properties of water that must be

Question

Discuss the key physical and chemical properties of water that must be maintained within safe levels for successful prawn seed production. Provide examples of optimal ranges for each property and explain their significance.

31 Jan 2026

Answer :

Word Count : 467

Water quality is a critical factor in coastal aquaculture, especially for successful prawn seed production, as prawns are highly sensitive to variations in physical and chemical properties of water. Maintaining these parameters within optimal ranges ensures healthy growth, survival, and high yield of prawn larvae. Temperature is one of the most important physical properties. Prawns, such as *Penaeus monodon* and *Penaeus vannamei*, require water temperatures typically between 28°C and 32°C for optimal seed production. Temperatures below 25°C can slow metabolism, feeding, and growth, while temperatures above 34°C can induce stress and increase mortality. Uniform temperature distribution across the hatchery or nursery tanks is also crucial to avoid localized thermal shock. Salinity is another critical physical parameter. Coastal prawn hatcheries usually maintain salinity levels between 15 and 25 ppt (parts per thousand) for larval rearing. Salinity outside this range can affect osmoregulation, leading to reduced survival rates and delayed development. For some species, gradual acclimation to varying salinity levels is necessary during transitions from hatchery to nursery ponds. Dissolved oxygen (DO) is essential for respiration and energy metabolism. Optimal DO levels for prawn

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