Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a comprehensive and environmentally sensitive approach to pest control that combines multiple strategies to manage pest populations in an effective, economical, and sustainable manner. It is based on the understanding of pest life cycles, their interaction with the environment, and the application of a combination of biological, cultural, mechanical, and chemical methods to minimize risks to human health, beneficial organisms, and the environment. In the context of hygiene, sanitation, and waste management, IPM plays a crucial role in maintaining clean and safe surroundings, especially in facilities such as hospitals, hotels, food establishments, and residential areas where pest infestation can directly impact public health and operational efficiency. The IPM approach begins with proper identification of pests and understanding their behavior and breeding patterns. This knowledge is essential because not all insects or organisms are harmful; some are beneficial and help control pest populations naturally. Misidentification can lead to unnecessary or excessive use of chemicals, which may cause more harm than good. Monitoring and regular inspection are key components of IPM, enabling early detection of pest problems and helping in assessing the severity of infestation. Through continuous observation, pest populations can be kept under control before they reach damaging levels. Prevention is a fundamental principle of IPM and is closely linked to hygiene and sanitation practices. Maintaining cleanliness in the environment significantly reduces the availability of food, water, and shelter for pests. Proper waste management, such as timely disposal of garbage, segregation of waste, and maintaining covered bins, helps in preventing the breeding of flies, rodents, and cockroaches. Regular cleaning of drains, elimination of stagnant water, and proper storage of food materials are essential sanitation practices that support the IPM framework. By addressing the root causes of infestation, IPM reduces reliance on reactive measures. Cultural control methods in IPM involve modifying the environment to make it less conducive for pests. This includes practices such as maintaining dry and well-ventilated spaces, sealing cracks and crevices in walls and floors, and ensuring proper landscaping around buildings. In waste management systems, ensuring that waste is not accumulated for long periods and that composting areas are properly managed can significantly reduce pest attraction. These measures are preventive in nature and contribute to long-term pest control without harming the environment. Mechanical and physical controls are also important aspects of IPM. These include the use of traps, barriers, screens, and manual removal of pests. For example, installing mesh screens on windows and doors can prevent the entry of flies and mosquitoes, while traps can be used to control rodent populations. In sanitation