Question

Differentiate between Integrative motivation and Instrumental motivation. List
examples of each that might be the reasons for your students to learn English. 

20 Jul 2026
Answer :
Word Count : 621
Motivation plays a significant role in language learning because it influences learners' interest, effort, persistence, and achievement. Among the various types of motivation, Integrative motivation and Instrumental motivation are two important concepts introduced by Robert Gardner and Wallace Lambert in the field of second language acquisition. Both types encourage learners to study a language, but they differ in their goals, attitudes, and expected outcomes. Understanding these motivations helps teachers design effective teaching strategies that meet the diverse needs of students. Integrative motivation refers to the desire to learn a language in order to interact with, understand, and become part of the culture and community of its native speakers. Learners with integrative motivation have a genuine interest in the language itself, its traditions, customs, literature, and people. They view language learning as a means of building social relationships and appreciating another culture. Such learners often display positive attitudes toward the target language community and are willing to use the language in real-life communication. Integrative motivation generally promotes long-term commitment, confidence, and fluency because learners enjoy the process of learning rather than focusing only on external rewards. Instrumental motivation, on the other hand, refers to learning a language for practical or utilitarian purposes. In this case, the language is viewed as a tool for achieving specific goals such as obtaining employment, passing examinations, pursuing higher education, earning promotions, or improving career prospects. Learners with instrumental motivation may not necessarily be interested in the culture
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