The rise of the new managerialism approach in public administration is closely associated with the growing demand for greater efficiency, accountability, responsiveness, and effectiveness in the functioning of the public sector. During the latter half of the twentieth century, many governments across the world faced increasing fiscal pressures, expanding public expenditure, bureaucratic inefficiency, and citizen dissatisfaction with traditional administrative systems. These challenges led to the emergence of a new approach that sought to transform public administration by adopting management practices commonly used in the private sector. This approach came to be known as new managerialism and later became a key component of New Public Management (NPM). Traditional public administration was characterized by hierarchical structures, centralized decision-making, strict adherence to rules and procedures, and emphasis on administrative neutrality. Although this model ensured consistency and legality, it often resulted in rigidity, delays, excessive paperwork, and poor responsiveness to citizens' needs. By the 1970s and 1980s, economic crises and demands for better governance encouraged