Question

Describe the nature of the problem of Untouchability and Social exclusion in India. How this problem has been dealt with by the Constitution?.

19 Jan 2026
Answer :
Word Count : 471
Untouchability and social exclusion have been persistent social problems in India, deeply rooted in the caste system that divides society into hierarchical groups based on birth. Untouchability refers to the practice of ostracizing certain groups, primarily Dalits, who were historically considered “impure” and subjected to discrimination in social, economic, and religious spheres. Social exclusion extends beyond mere avoidance; it manifests in denial of access to education, employment, healthcare, and public spaces, leading to systemic marginalization and deprivation. Historically, untouchables were prohibited from entering temples, drawing water from common wells, or participating in community functions, which entrenched cycles of poverty and social immobility. This discrimination is not only social but also psychological, affecting dignity and self-respect, perpetuating inequality across generations. The Indian Constitution addresses the problem of untouchability and social exclusion through comprehensive legal and policy measures, reflecting the commitment to human rights and social justice. Article 17 of the Constitution explicitly abolishes untouchability, declaring it a punishable offense under law. This provision ensures that no individual can discriminate against another
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