Sea level rise is one of the most significant and far-reaching consequences of climate change, driven primarily by the thermal expansion of seawater as it warms and the melting of glaciers and polar ice sheets. Its impacts are complex and interconnected, affecting physical landscapes, ecosystems, economies, and human societies. As global temperatures continue to increase, sea levels are rising at an accelerated rate, posing serious risks to coastal and island regions across the world. One of the most immediate impacts of sea level rise is coastal flooding. Higher sea levels mean that storm surges during cyclones and hurricanes travel further inland, inundating homes, roads, and critical infrastructure. Even without major storms, many coastal areas now experience “nuisance flooding” during high tides. Low-lying cities such as Mumbai, Kolkata, New York, and Jakarta are increasingly vulnerable to frequent flooding, which disrupts transportation, damages property, and strains drainage systems. Over time, repeated flooding weakens building foundations, corrodes infrastructure, and increases maintenance costs. Another major impact is coastal erosion. Rising sea levels intensify wave action along shorelines, gradually wearing away beaches, cliffs, and coastal landforms. This process not only reduces land area but also