IGNOU BPVC 105 2026 - Describe the concepts of food fraud, food safety surveillance and food

Question

Describe the concepts of food fraud, food safety surveillance and food defense. Explain their interrelationships, major threats, preventive frameworks (HACCP, VACCP, TACCP). Discuss the role of regulatory authorities in protecting public health and ensuring food system integrity, with suitable examples.

01 Mar 2026

Answer :

Word Count : 644

Food fraud, food safety surveillance, and food defense are essential components in the modern food system, each addressing different risks but collectively ensuring the integrity of the food supply chain. These concepts are interrelated and form the basis for protecting public health from various threats, ranging from intentional adulteration to unintentional contamination. Food fraud refers to the deliberate misrepresentation or adulteration of food products for economic gain. This can include practices like substituting ingredients, misleading labeling, or altering the appearance or composition of products to deceive consumers. The risks associated with food fraud are significant because they compromise food quality, pose health hazards, and undermine consumer trust. Common examples of food fraud include olive oil being mixed with cheaper oils, counterfeit meat products, or mislabeling the origin of seafood. As food fraud is driven by economic motives, it is often challenging to detect and prevent. Food safety surveillance, on the other hand, is the ongoing

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