As a general concept policy implementation can be defined as the third stage of policy cycle its means the stage of the policy process immediately after the passage of a law, or the action that will be taken to put the law into effect or that the problem will be solved. Implementation, viewed most broadly means administration of the law in which various actors, organization, procedures, and techniques work together to put adopted policies into effect in an effort to attain policy or program goals

Implementation can be also defined in terms of outputs, or the extent to which programmatic goals are supported or perused, like the level of expenditures that committed to the programs.

1. policy cycle : it is a framework that can help to understand better the policy implementation as a stage correlative to other stages.

There are two main approaches could help to understand better how policy implementation precedes the top-down approaches and the bottom-up approaches

4.1 The top down approaches: where the state policy implementation is influenced by federal level factors such as the clearness of law or regulations that federal government sends

to the state Or the amount of resources that the federal government provides to the state which is crucial to the successful implementation of policies, and that's depend to the resources of the state or the local government some states are more independent on federal governmental aid than others. All this variables are very important to determine the success or the failure of any state implementation efforts.

Top-down followers argue that policy designers are the main actors and focus their attention and concentration on the factors which might be manipulated at the national level.

However there are so many attempts to develop top-down models of policy implementation one of them is Sabatier and mazmanian model.

The top -down approach start by assuming that the decision -making is more taken by central government and it ask the next questions: