Question

Define notions of “competence” and “performance'. Describe ways in which
linguistic competence is assessed. How in your opinion is 'communicative
competence' important in language learning?

26 Jun 2026
Answer :
Word Count : 509
The notions of “competence” and “performance” are central concepts in modern linguistics, particularly in the theory of Generative Linguistics proposed by Noam Chomsky. Linguistic competence refers to the underlying knowledge that a speaker possesses about the rules and structures of a language. It is the mental system that enables a person to produce and understand an unlimited number of meaningful sentences. This knowledge includes awareness of grammatical rules, vocabulary, sentence formation, pronunciation patterns, and the relationships between different linguistic elements. Competence is considered an abstract ability because it exists in the mind of the speaker and cannot be directly observed. Performance, on the other hand, refers to the actual use of language in real-life situations. It is the way speakers apply their linguistic competence while speaking, writing, listening, or reading. Performance may be affected by various external and psychological factors such as memory limitations, distractions, hesitation, social context, and emotional conditions. A person may have complete knowledge of grammatical rules but may make
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